FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT INFLOWS INTO MONGOLIA REACH USD 52.1 BILLION
Following Mongolia’s transition to a free-market economy in 1990 and the adoption of the Foreign Investment Law in 1993, the country experienced a significant expansion in trade turnover and a rapid increase in investment inflows. While agriculture played a dominant role in Mongolia’s economy until the early 2000s, the economic structure gradually shifted, with the mining sector gaining increasing importance and becoming a key driver of growth.
Between 1990 and 2025, Mongolia attracted a total of USD 52.1 billion in foreign direct investment (FDI), of which approximately 38.8% was invested after 2020. As of 2025, 44.5% of FDI inflows originate from the Netherlands, 12.6% from China, and 8.2% from Singapore.
In terms of sectoral distribution, mining accounts for 74.4% of total FDI, followed by wholesale and retail trade at 9.6%, and financial and insurance activities at 3.9%.
Foreign direct investment continues to play an important role in Mongolia’s economic development by supporting technological advancement, capital accumulation, and sustained economic growth.
